2. Changing interest rates on reserves
Since 2008, the Fed has paid commercial banks interest rates on their required and excess reserves. When the Federal Reserve wants to speed up the economy, it lowers interest rates so that banks have less of an incentive to hold on to money
2.改变准备金利率
自2008年以来，美联储向商业银行支付了其法定准备金和超额准备金的利率。当美联储想要加快经济发展时，它会降低利率，这样银行就没有那么多动力持有资金